题号押题3
浙江卷C篇第27—30题：阅读理解说明文
〖真题回顾〗
Passage1 2020.1浙江卷C篇第27-30题
Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,” Padilla-Walker said. “
This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence — which can be taught — are key to a child’s life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
备战高考
27. What is special about the BYU professors’ study?
A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.
28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A. Ignore their demands.        B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviors.        D. Explain the rules to them.
29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A. Single parents.        B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers.        D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance
答案 27.A  28.D  29.A  30.C
解析
这是一篇说明文，主题是探索与发现。研究人员发现，父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位。研究人员认为，父亲们需要采用一种“权威”的养育方式，且一项重要的发现是，随着时间的推移，由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩。
【27题详解】
  推理判断题  答案A根据第一段最后一句Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.可知，该大学研究的是父亲在家庭中对孩子毅力品格的养成起着重要作用。故选A项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题 答案D 根据第四段可知，“权威式的”父亲并不专断，而是要让孩子感受到温暖和责任，要强调规则背后的缘由，要给予孩子适当的自主权。故推断出，一个“权威式的”父亲会做的事情是给孩子解释规则。
【29题详解】
事实细节题 答案A 根据最后一段最后一句 … the researchers suggest that single parents …, which is an avenue of future research. 可知，未来研究的方向是单亲父母。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题 答案C文章主要讲述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故C项Children Tend to learn Determination from Father是文章的最佳标题。
Passage 2 2020.7浙江卷C篇第28-30题
Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”