Lesson 3 An unknown goddess
1-1 不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。
Some time ago，an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea．
词汇学学习
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archaeology n. 考古学
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词根部分archae-:源⾃自古希腊语，指ancient legends or history, 古代传说或者历史;
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后缀-ology: the study of sth. 学科
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例子: zoology 动物学, biology ⽣生物学, psychology ⼼心理理学
例子:考古学家archaeologist, ⽣生物学家biologist, ⼼心理理学家psychologist, 动物学家zoologist
短语学习
●∙∙∙Some time 一段时间
补充：形近表达
sometime adv.在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天
sometimes adv.不时, 有时
some times 几次
固定搭配
发明：make discovery
句式句法
●∙∙∙Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea.
中文习惯用主动语态。
英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。
1-2 一个美国考古队在阿伊亚.依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。
An American team explored a temple {which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini}．
地道表达
●∙∙∙Explore v. 考察，勘探（某个实物entity或问题some specific issues）；研究research, investigate
Explore space 探索宇宙
Explore the issue/topic/question
熟词新意
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stand(vi.) 此处表示“坐落于”“位于”“（高贵）矗立于” be located in
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A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。
There is a temple standing on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有座寺庙。
A row of willows stands on the riverside. 河边长着一排柳树。
补充：同义表达
lie (vi.) ; situate(vt.); Locate(vt.) 使...坐落于, 位于
which stands& = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated&
补充：stand其他用法
Stand 做动词还可以表示“身高”。
She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米
She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. 她身高三英尺，双手叉腰。
1-3 这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，
The city at one time must have been prosperous，{for it enjoyed a high level of civilization}．
生词学习
●∙∙∙prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
Our finance is prosperous. 我们的经济非常的繁荣。
补充：同义词
thriving adj.昌盛的，兴旺的
-- thriving business
booming adj.蓬勃的，景气的
-- a booming market繁荣的市场
flourishing adj.繁茂的，健康的
-- Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物长得茂盛。
补充：近义辨析
prosperous与rich做对⽐比
祝福词:May you be happy and prosperous. 祝福你幸福快乐，⽣生活 富⾜足美满。
a. 两者含义的差别，
b. 两者情感⾊彩的差别
例例⼦子:stinky rich ⼀一身铜臭臭(“超级有钱”的贬义表达)
补充：词汇学
词根词缀分析本词:
前缀pro表示“to cause”, 使发⽣生，
词根sper 表示 hope and success, 希望与成功
-ous: 形容词后缀，说明这个词是个形容词。
地道表达
●∙∙∙enjoy
The hotels also boast two swimming pools and a golf course. 那家宾馆还拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场。
People in this country enjoy a high standard of living. 这个国家的人民享有更高的生活水平。
He’s always enjoyed good health. worshipping他一直都很健康。
This actress has always enjoyed a good reputation. 这个女演员一直享有很好的声誉。
She enjoyed great success in business. 她在商业上⼤大获成功。
The movie enjoyed a brief popularity. 这部电影红过⼀一阵。
短语学习
●∙∙∙at one time 曾经, 一度
注：过去时态的标志, 可以替换 once
句子解析
●∙∙∙The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
for 引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。
because 引导原因状语从句：强调原因。
-- The day broke for the birds were singing.
●∙∙∙The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测
如果后面接动词原形，表示对现在情形的推测；
如果后面接have+动词的过去分词，表示对过去情形的推测。
例子：
What he says may/might be true.
A situation like this can occur from time to time.
The mistake must lie with him. 这一定是他的错。
注：（1）must 是强推断语气，但是不等于事实。
（2）对比：强推断语⽓气⽤用must引导;弱推断语⽓气⽤用may/might引导。
注意:may和might有时含义是完全⼀一样的，有时却不不同。如：
He may have lied about his age. 关于年年龄，他可能说谎了了。
He might have lied about his age. 1)同上; 2)关于年年龄，他本可能说谎的(其实没有说谎)
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