可数名词和不可数名词
英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物,它有可数和不可数之分。所谓可数名词指的就是在数量上可以计数,可以数出数量的事物;所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西
可数名词在他之前可以加上冠词a/an。而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的。可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化规律:
a一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和
元音后读[z]
bs. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]
c.以辅音字母+y”结尾,变yi, 再加-es油麦菜的做法,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:[z]
d.以“ffe”结尾,变ffev, 再加-es,如:knife-knives thief-thieves;读音:[z]
e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况
1)有生命的+es  读音:[z]  如:mango-mangoes  tomato-tomatoes  hero-heroes  potato- potatoes
2) 无生命的+s  读音:[z]  如:photo-photos    radio-radios
f. experience可数吗不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people
除此之外,还有一部分名词单复数同形,如:
fish鱼,deer鹿,sheep绵羊,works(工厂),means手段,Swiss瑞士人,Chinese中国人,news 新闻,goods 烤肉脯商品
有一些名词则只有复数形式:
trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子
某国人的复数有三种类型:
1Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加中外合资s
2Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men
3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, Indians等。
可依照这个口诀记忆:中日不变,英法变,其他”s”加后面。
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an ,若要表示它的个体意义时,一般需要将其量化。
不可数名词如何量化:就是在不可数名词前面加上“数词+量词+of”,比如:
a piece of bread paper(), cloth(), coal(常州方言歌曲煤), news(新闻), advice(意见), information(信息), , meat()
an item of information 一则情报            a slip of paper 一张纸条
a length of cloth 一段布料                  a cake of soap 一块肥皂
a tube of tooth-paste 一条牙膏              a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。
当量词可数,且前面的数词大于一时,量词需要用复数形式,
two bottles of water 两瓶水  two pieces of paper 两张纸 等;
同时,可数名词也有相应用法,如:a box of apples 一箱苹果  six boxes of apples 六箱苹果 等。
学过的不可数名词有:broccoli ,orange,ice-cream,salad,chicken,milk,work, rice, bread, hair, homework, money, news,
food, fun, health, ice, luck, music, nature, paper, pleasure, rain, snow, time, water, weather, wind,等。
  不可数名词:
a piece of news
a good piece of news
a bad piece of news.
An exciting piece of news
much newspaper
two pieces of information
a set of furniture
much machinery
a lot of jewellery
enough chalk
three pieces of bread
much homework
a lot of work
much experience
a bar of chocolate
a stick of candy
a cake of soap二年级课外书推荐
a bowl of soup
a mouthful of rice
a spoonful of sugar
a handful of sand
a cup of coffee
a grain of rice
a sum of money
a block of ice
a box of chalk
a glass of milk
a basin of water
an article of clothing
a suit of clothes
much food
enough money