高中英语选修第一单元知识点语法及练习
第一单元知识点
1.abstract
1) adj.深奥的，抽象的 e.g. Beauty is abstract but a house is not.
2) v. 提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要 e.g. Rubber is abstracted from trees.
e.g. He is abstracting a story for a book review.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。
一个演讲的摘要
Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home
情愿做… e.g. I would rather stay at home today.
would rather sb do sth情愿sb做… e.g. I would rather you came here tomorrow.
would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth
= prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth
e.g. I would rather go with you than stay here.= I would go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer to go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer going with you to staying here.
3.faith n. 信任,信仰
break one's faith with sb. 对某人不守信用keep faith with忠于信仰; 守信
have faith in相信, 信任lose faith in 不再相信in good faith 老实地；诚恳地
e.g. I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的诺言。
He who loses faith, loses all.失去信心的人, 失去所有。
faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的be faithful to…对…忠诚
4.consequently adv. 所以，因此
e.g. Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. conseq
uent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的consequence n. 结果
as a consequence/result = in consequence as a consequence/result of = because of
e.g. She was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence (of it).
5.aim
A．1) n. 目标(C) e.g. What is your aim in life 你生活的目的是什么
without aim 无目的的/ 无目标的achieve one’s aim达到目标
appreciates
miss one’s aim 打不中目标
(U) 对准, 瞄准take aim The hunter took aim at the lion.
2）v. (以等) 对准,瞄准aim at aim at the target=take aim at the target瞄准靶子
e.g. He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it.
aimless a. 无目标的，无目的的She led an aimless life.
B. 打算,计划, 以…为目标, 立志做…
aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准, 力求做到,力争达到
e.g. Harry aims at becoming a doctor./Harry aims to become a doctor.
6.evident adj. 明白的, 明显的
e.g. The applause made it evident that the play was a hit.
It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that … e.g. It's evident that you are tired.
n. evidence 证据;证明in evidence = evident 明显的
7.realistic现实主义的,逼真的,现实的
in a more realistic way 以一种更逼真的形式
realism现实主义realist现实主义者real adj. 真的realize v. 实现
8. adopt vt.
1).采取;采纳;吸收
e.g. After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.
2).过继,收养[(+as)] e.g. Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.
3).正式通过,接受 e.g. The agenda was adopted after some discussion.
adopted adj. 被收养的，被采用的an adopted child
9.possess 用作动词时，不能用于进行时。
1）“有，拥有” e.g. The library possesses a number of the artist’s early works.
2）“具有…的特质”be possessed of sth意为“具有某种品质或特征”
3）“支配，控制”e.g. He was possessed by the desire to be rich.
possession 【c】财产，所有物（常用复数）personal possessions个人财产
e.g. The ring is one of her most valuable possessions.
【u】占有，拥有
Take/get/have/gain possession of占领，夺取in possession of (表主动）占
in the possession of=in one’s possession（表被动）…被占有〃
e.g. He is in ~ of the house. 他拥有这套房子。
The house is in the ~ of him. 这套房子在他的占有之下。
10. convince vt. “使确信；使信服”
convince sb. to do sth. .说服某人做…
convince sb of sth convince sb+ that从句使某人确信某事
e.g. He convinced me of his sincerity. 他使我确信他的真诚。
I was convinced that he was sincere.
sb. be convinced of sth sb. be convinced that…某人确信。。。
11.attempt v.尝试，企图, 努力去执行或完成
attempt doing反复尝试做attempt to do企图做
attempt to do/doing = try to do/doing
e.g. I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet.
n. 1) 企图或努力2)袭击；攻击
an attempt on someone's life对某人生命的攻击
make an attempt to do sth /at doing sth尝试做…
at one’s attempt 在…尝试下one’s first attempt 初次尝试
e.g. She made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做这顿饭。
12.on the other hand 另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与on one hand连用。
On one hand…on the other hand一方面另…一方面
e.g. This job is not well paid, but on the other hand, I don’t have to work long hours. On one hand, I need a computer, but on the other hand, I don’t have enough money.
at hand在手边，在附近by hand用手的，手工的
go hand in hand with与…共同行动
13.figure
1) 外形;体形;人影 e.g. I saw a figure in the darkness.
2) 体态;风姿 e.g. She has a slender figure.
3)人物;名人 e.g. He has become a figure known to everyone.
4) 数字 e.g. Where did you get those figures
14.1)aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的;有闯劲的;侵略性的;好斗的
e.g. He is very aggressive. 他生性好斗。
an aggressive salesman一干劲很大的售货员aggressive weapons 攻击性武器
2)aggressively adv. 气势汹汹地3)aggression n.侵略（行动）aggressor n. 侵略者
15.in the flesh活生生，本人，亲自flesh n.肌肉;肉
e.g. Have you ever seen Jay Chou in the flesh你见过周杰伦本人吗？