必修一Unit4 课文内容
1.You have me to take only one thing.
me 后接不定式短语to take only one thing 作定语。
△动词不定式作后置定语
Have you got anything to send
I have nothing to say.
△不定式与所修饰词间的关系可有一下4种：
⑴主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。如：
\
We need someone to help with the work. （someone will help with the work ）
⑵动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。如：
I have many le ers to write. （to write many le ers ）
⑶同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。如：
We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng.
⑷状语关系
被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。这些名词多是抽象名词。如：
That's the way to do it. 那样做才对。
~
I have no me to go there. 我没有时间去那儿。
△作定语的不定式如果含有不及物动词，作定语的不定式如果含有不及物动词，且不定式所修饰的名词或代词表示地点、且不定式所修饰的名词或代词表示地点、且不定式所修饰的名词或代词表示地点、工具等，不工具等，不
定式后需要有相应的介词，但当不定时所修饰的名词是 me, place 或way 时，不定式后的介词
通常省去。
Please give me a knife to cut with.
Mary had no money and no place to live.
△辨析：动名词、现在分词做定语
⑴动名词作定语时，和它所修饰的名词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，和它所修饰的名词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，只表示被修饰名词的一般只表示被修饰名词的一般
用途，必须位于名词之前。如:
There is a swimming pool in our school.
⑵现在分词作定语时，和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示所修饰名词的特征，
一般强调动作正在发生。如:
Listen to the singing bird.
Who is the boy running towards us
。
…
练习：
Bird’’s singing is some mes a warning to other birds ______ away.
⑴Bird
A. to stay
B. staying
C. stayed
D. stay
⑵ The ability ________ an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A. expressing
B. expressed
C. to express
D. to be expressed
2.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
△ to...结构
该句型在多数情况下表示否定意义，通常为“太……而不能……，太……而无法……”。该结构用法说明如下：
用法说明如下：
为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。
⑴too为副词，修饰形容词或其他副词。to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。
The hat is too large to wear.
@
He walks too slowly to get there on me.
⑵不定式作结果状语，常用主动形式，其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语，有时不是，若不是，不
引出。
定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。
The book is too difficult for us to read.
She was too short to reach the apples on the table.
”句型转换。
⑶该句型可以与“so ...”，“not ...enough to...”句型转换。
She is too short to reach the book on the shelf.
= She is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.
’t reach the book on the shelf.
= She is so short that she can
△⑴ to...有时也可以表示肯定的意义：
有时也可以表示肯定的意义：
高中英语课文有时也可以表示肯定的意义：
too后跟ready, eager, willing, pleased, glad等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时
等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时 (
too前有only, all等副词对其进行修饰时
He is too eager to know the result of the examina on.
I am only too glad to accept your invita on.
⑵can/could too/enough结构常出现在情景对话中，表示“再怎样也不未过，无论怎么也
不够”。
You cannot be too careful when crossing the road.
I cannot thank you enough.
练习：
练习：
同义句转换：
⑴同义句转换：
①The boy is too young to join the army.
=
(
②It is too cold for the students to play on the playground.
=
’t answer it.
③The teacher’s ques on was too difficult that the students couldn
=
⑵– Must I turn off the lights a er work
– Of course. You can never be _______ careful to do that.
A. enough
B. too
C. so
D. very
3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
△此句为简单句，该句中的looking for places to hide作ran的伴随状语，状语中动作look for
表示的动作同时发生。
与句子的谓语ran表示的动作同时发生。
△现在分词作伴随状语
，
现在分词表示主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作是同时或几乎同时发生的。现在分词作状语，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。现在分词作伴随状语的具体用法如下：
⑴现在分词作伴随状语时其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且现在分词与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主
谓关系。
谓关系。
⑵现在分词所表示的动作是伴随着句子的谓语动词表示的动作而发生或存在的，是主语的另一
个、较次要的动作。
个、较次要的动作。
现在分词作伴随状语，可位于句首或句末。
⑶现在分词作伴随状语，可位于句首或句末。
⑷ 现在分词作伴随状语时没有相应的状语从句可以与之相互转换，但可以转换为相应的并列
句。句。
He sat at the table reading China Daily .
She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. (= She came into the house, and carried a lot of books.)
He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long me. (= He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long me.)
练习：练习：
用括号内动词的适当形式填空用括号内动词的适当形式填空
，
① The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ (throw) shadows on the ground.
② Do you wake up every morning _______ (feel) energe c and ready to start a new day
4. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
本句为主从复合句，其中as if 引导的表语从句，该从句用了陈述语气。引导的表语从句，该从句用了陈述语气。
△ as if 引导从句的用法
as if 意为“似乎，好像”，可以引导方式状语从句与表语从句。其意义和用法与as though 相同。 ⑴ 引
导表语从句，常置于系动词look, seem, sound 等之后。等之后。
She looks as though/if she were ten years younger.
⑵ 引导方式状语从句，用来修饰主句的谓语。引导方式状语从句，用来修饰主句的谓语。
The child talks to us as though/if he were a grown-up.
(
⑶ as as though/if
though/if 引导的从句有时用省略形式，as as though/if though/if 后面可接形容词、副词、不定式、名词、分词、或介词短语等。
He acted as though/if (he were) a fool.
Tom raised his hand as though/if (he were going) to say something.
⑷ as though/if 从句的语气：从句的语气：
① 如果从句所表示的情况有明显的依据或实现的可能性较大，那么从句就用陈述语气；
② 如果从句所表示的情况没有依据，只是表达一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么就用虚拟语
气，用法如下：气，用法如下：
“as if/though + 从句从句” 虚拟情况虚拟情况 从句时态从句时态
表示虚拟的情况表示虚拟的情况 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反
一般过去时态一般过去时态 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 过去完成时态过去完成时态
与将来事实相反与将来事实相反
Should/would/might/could + 动词原
形 You treat them as if/though they were your parents.
、
He kept working as though/if nothing had happened.
It looks as though/if it is going to snow.
练习：练习：
用括号内词的适当形式填空用括号内词的适当形式填空
⑴ Eliza remembers everything as if it ______ (happen) yesterday.
⑵ He talked about the book as though he ______ (read) it. In fact, he didn ’t read it.
⑶ The sky looks so dark that it looks as though it _________.
5. ⑴One-third of the na on felt it.
⑵ All of the city ’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.
△ “分数/百分数 + of + 名词”作主语时的主谓一致问题
、
“分数/百分数+ of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of 后面的名词的单复数来决定。
About one third of the books are worth reading.
Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.
About 20 percent of the students are absent today.
△ “ some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of, the majority of... + 名词”
作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of 后接的名词决定。后接的名词决定。
The rest of the money belongs to you.
The rest of the students are praised.
A lot of students are wai ng impa ently outside.
A lot of money has been wasted for no reason.
△ ⑴ 分数的表达法：分数的表达法：
'
分子在前，分母在后；分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是2或大于2时，分母用复数形式。
发布评论