Model Test 参考答案
Part I Writing
  Precious Water
  No one doubts the importance of water. Human beings live on water, animals live on water, plants live on water and all living things live on water. You can’t imagine what would happen if there were no water in the world!
  China is one of the countries in the world that are badly short of water. Water problem has become more acute in recent years with the increase of water consumption and pollution. In big cities, the water problem has become even worse. With the growth of population, more and more water is needed. With the development of the industry, a large quantity of water has been and is being polluted. Water pollution is the most serious problem that China is facing. It has spread to rivers, lakes, and even the oceans.
In order to survive, man has to be wise enough to treasure water and try to prevent it from b
eing polluted. Man should also know that all resources in the world are limited, including water. Make good use of them, otherwise, man will be punished by nature. To treasure water is to treasure life; to protect our environment is to protect ourselves.
Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
  1. A 细节题。根据题干信息词World Health Organization定位到第三段Air: the World Health Organization(WHO)says three million people are killed worldwide by outdoor air pollution annually from vehicles and industrial emissions，即：世界卫生组织公布，全世界每年有3百万人死于室外空气污染，故选A。
  2. C 细节题。根据题干信息词Land can be polluted定位到第五段第三句话Agriculture can pollute land with pesticides, nitrate-rich fertilizers and slurry from livestock，即：来自农业的杀虫剂、富含硝酸盐的化肥以及家畜带来的泥浆都会污染土地，故选C。
  3. D 细节题。根据题干信息词man. made chemicals和affected定位到第一个小标题下第二段末句Affected species include polar bears—so not even the Arctic is immune. And the
chemicals climb the food chain, from fish to mammals，and to us，即：受人造化学制品影响的种类包括北极熊、从鱼到哺乳动物的生物链，也包括人，未提到鸟，故选D。
  4. B 细节题。根据题干信息词local residents定位到第一个小标题下的末句So local residents，like many in poor communities around the globe，have faced the problem of investigating their claim that industries on their doorsteps are making them sick，即：当地居民声称他们门前的工业导致他们生病，故选B。
  5. A 细节题。根据题干信息词The pesticide DDT定位到第二个小标题下的第二段The pesticide DDT does great damage to wildlife and can affect the human nervous system，but can also be effective against malaria(疟疾)，即：杀虫剂DDT会伤害野生动植物并且能影响人类的神经系统，但对预防疟疾是很有效的，故选A。
  6. C 细节题。根据题干信息词a U.N. convention定位到第二个小标题末段第二句话There is a U.N. convention on trans-boundary air pollution, but that cannot cover every problem that can arise between neighbors，or between states which do not share a border，即：联合国在跨边界的空气污染上有协定，但是不包括邻国之间出现的每个问题，也不包括不
接壤的州之间出现的问题，故选C。
  7. C 细节题。根据题干信息词a way of cleaning up after ourselves定位到第三个小标题第二段One way of cleaning up after ourselves would be to throw less away，designing products to be recycled or even just to last longer，即：清洁的方法可以是少丢弃一些，设计可循环的产品或使用持久一些，未提到不再使用，故选C。
  8. aggravate asthma symptoms in children。细节题。根据题干定位到第四个小标题首段末旬It found that increases in air pollution tended to aggravate asthma symptoms in children，即：空气污染的增加恶化孩子的哮喘症状，故得答案。
  9. pollution coming from a particular plant。细节题。根据题干定位到第四个小标题第三段末句But，according to…prove that illnesses suffered were caused by pollution coming from a particular plant，即：证明疾病是由一种来自特殊植物的污染而造成的，故得答案。
  10. improve the situation。细节题。根据题干定位到倒数第二段首句Martinus van Schalkwyk…said there were measures in place to improve the situation，即：环境和观光
事业部长Schalkwyk参观了德尔班南部的盆地，并指出还是有措施可以改善现状的，故得答案。
Part I Listening Comprehension
　11.B  12. D  13.B  14.B  15.C　16.D　17.A  18.D
  19. B　20. A　21. C  22. B　23. A　24. C　25. C
  26. C　27. B　28. D  29. C　30. B　31. A　32. C
  33. A　34. B　35. C
36. infection
37. virus
38. bleed
39. outbreak
40. contact
41. fluids
42. happened
43. victim
44. The problem was that they had no protective equipment to prevent themselves from being infected
45. Now the disease appears to be under control, but no one can promise that for 100 percent
46. Scientists are now headed into the jungles of Africa to find out where the virus lives
Part II Reading Comprehension
water pollution
21.    C    22.    A    23.    D    24.    C    25.    C
26.    D    27.    D    28.    C    29.    A    30.    B
31.    C    32.    D    33.    A    34.    D    35.    A
Part V Error Correction
62. burglar→burglary
  名词burglar意为“夜贼”，而burglary意为“盗窃”。结合上下文可知，此处表示的是一种行为，故应将burglar改为burglary。
63. it→there
  分析句意可知，此处应该是表示“有”的there be句型，所以应将第一个it改为there。
64. 去掉is
  本句中已有情态动词can作谓语，所以is是多余的，应该去掉。
65. the→a
  这里应当用不定冠词泛指某一大城市，而不应该用表特指的定冠词the。
66. what→that
  此处误用了定语从句的关系代词。what不能引导定语从句。此句先行词为不定代词something，那么关系代词就应该用that。
67. may→must
  此处误用了情态动词。根据句意，这里要表达的是“必须”之义，所以应将may改为must。
68. which→that
  本句是一个同位语从句，只有that可以作引导词，故应将which改为that。
69. of→to
  根据句意，此处表示的应该是“对于”之义，引导的是indicate的对象，应使用介词to。
70. unprotect→unprotected
  此处应为house的定语，而unprotect与其构成被动关系，所以应该用过去分词形式，故应将unprotect改为unprotected。
71. 去掉out
  本句中的complete为及物动词，表示“完成”，所以out是多余的，应该去掉。