2020年11⽉CATTI⼀⼆三级全国英语翻译资格考试题原⽂（完整版）祥林嫂原文
2020年11⽉CATTI⼀级英语笔译原⽂
英译汉
原⽂和译⽂出处：
Master of the Intricacies of the Human Heart
爱丽丝· 门罗，洞悉⼈⼼的⼤师
By Michiko Kakutani
Oct. 10, 2013
Alice Munro, named on Thursday as the winner of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, once observed: “The complexity of things — the things within things — just seems to be endless. I mean nothing is easy, nothing is simple.”
爱丽丝· 门罗(Alice Munro) 于本周四获得2013 年诺贝尔⽂学奖，她曾说过：“ 事物的复杂性，即蕴含在
事物之中的事物，似乎⽆穷⽆尽。我的意思是，没有任何事是轻松简单的。”
That is also a perfect deion of Ms. Munro’s quietly radiant short stories — stories that have established her as one of the foremost practitioners of the form. Set largely in small-town and rural Canada and often focused on the lives of girls and women, her tales have the swoop and density of big, intimate novels, mapping the crevices of characters’ hearts with cleareyed Chekhovian empathy and wisdom.
这番话亦是门罗那些宁静闪光的短篇⼩说的绝好写照，这些作品为她奠定了短篇⼩说界⼀流作者的地位。她的⼩说主要发⽣在加拿⼤的乡村⼩镇，描绘⼥孩与⼥⼈们的⽣活，带着契诃夫式洞悉⼀切的同情与智慧勾勒出笔下⼈物⼼灵的罅隙，亦有着长篇⼩说所具备的冲击⼒与厚重。
Fluent and deceptively artless on the page, these stories are actually amazingly intricate constructions that move back and forth in time, back and forth between reality and memory, opening out, magically, to disclose the long panoramic vistas in these people’s lives (the starts, stops and reversals that stand out as hinge moments in their personal histories) and the homely details of their day-to-day routines: the dull coping with “food and mess and houses” that can take up so much of their heroines’ time.
她的短篇⼩说⾏⽂流畅，⽂风表⾯质朴⽆华，实则结构精美复杂，在时间之中往复穿梭，在现实与记忆之间转换；故事神秘展开，揭开笔下⼈物⽣平的全貌景观（在关键的转折点中突出个体⼈物⽣活史中的开端、停顿与逆境），乃⾄⽇常⽣活中的平凡琐碎细节：她会平淡地描述“ ⾷物、琐事与家务” ，这些事占去了她笔下⼥主⼈公的⼤部分时间。
Ms. Munro’s stories possess an emotional amplitude and a psychological density. Her understanding of the music of domestic life, her ability to simultaneously detail her characters’ inner landscapes and their place in a meticulously observed community, and her talent for charting “the progress of love” as it morphs and mutates through time — these gifts have not only helped Ms. Munro redefine the contours of the contemporary short story, but have also made her one of today’s most influential writers.
门罗的⼩说既有情感的⼴度，亦有⼼理的深度。她深深了解蕴含在家庭⽣活中的⾳乐；在描绘笔下⼈物内⼼世界细节的同时，⽆微不⾄地勾勒出社区的状态，并点出⼈物在社区中的位置；此外她还擅长书写“ 爱的进程” ，在时间的演进中为爱的变形与变异画出图谱。这些特质令她重新定义了当代短篇⼩说的外延，也使她成为当今世上最重要的作家之⼀。
In short fiction that spans four and a half decades, Ms. Munro has given us prismatic portraits of ordi
nary people that reveal their intelligence, toughness and capacity to dream, as well as their lies, blind spots and lapses of courage and good will. Such deions are delivered not with judgmental accountancy, but with the sort of “unsparing unsentimental love” harbored by a close friend or family member.
门罗创作短篇⼩说已有45 年。在这些作品中，门罗为普通⼈的⽣活描绘出五光⼗⾊的画像，展现他们的智慧、坚韧与梦想的能⼒，与此同时也有他们的谎⾔和盲点，乃⾄勇⽓和善意的偶尔缺失。她的描写不带评判⾊彩，只有“ 不夹偏私，冷静理性的爱” ，如同来⾃亲密的朋友或家庭成员。
Like Ms. Munro, many of the women in these stories grew up in small towns in Canada and, at some point, faced a decision about whether to stay or to leave for the wider world. Their lifetimes often span decades of startling social change — from a time and place when tea parties and white gloves were de rigueur to the days of health food stores and stripper bars.
和门罗⼀样，她⼩说中的⼥⼈们也多在加拿⼤⼩镇上成长，在某个时刻⾯临留在家乡还是奔赴⼴⼤世界的抉择。她们在数⼗年的⼈⽣中往往历经社会巨变，从举办茶会、社交场合必须戴⽩⼿套的年代和地点⼀路⾛到健康⾷品店与脱⾐舞酒吧的时代。
For that matter, Ms. Munro’s women often find themselves caught on the margins of shifting cultural
mores and pulled between conflicting imperatives — between rootedness and escape, domesticity and freedom, between tending to familial responsibilities or following the urgent promptings of their own hearts.
因此，门罗笔下的⼥⼈经常发现⾃⼰被困在⽂化道德转型的边缘，在互相⽭盾的义务中挣扎—— 坚守与逃避、家庭与⾃由，对家族的责任与内⼼冲动的迫切召唤。
In story after story, passion is the magnet or the motor that drives women’s choices. Love and sex, and marriage and adultery are often mirrors that reveal a Munro heroine’s expectations — her fondest dreams and cruel self-delusions, her sense of independence and need to belong.
在⼀个个故事⾥，激情就像磁⽯或马达，吸引和驱动着⼥⼈们做出选择。对于门罗的⼥主⼈公们来说，爱情与性爱，婚姻与外遇通常就像镜⼦⼀样映照出她们的渴望—— 她们最美好的梦想与最残酷的⾃欺，她们的独⽴意识与对归属感的需求。
Ms. Munro is adept at tracing the many configurations that intimacy can take over the years, showing how it can suffocate a marriage or inject it with a renewed sense of devotion. She shows how sexual ardor can turn into a “tidy pilot flame” and how an impulsive tryst can become a treasured memory, hoarded as a bulwark against the banalities of middle age.
门罗还擅长描写多年亲密关系的多种复杂情况，显⽰这样的关系如何扼杀⼀段婚姻，或为婚姻注⼊新的奉献精神。她展⽰了性爱可以变为“ 蔓延的⽕势” ；⼀时冲动的幽会可以成为珍贵的回忆，汇聚为对抗平庸中年⽣活的堡垒。
Illness and death frequently intrude upon these stories, and the reader is constantly reminded of the precariousness of life — and the role that luck, chance and reckless, spur-of-the-moment choices can play. Some of Ms. Munro’s characters embrace change as a liberating force that will lift them out of their humdrum routines, or at least satisfy their avid curiosity about life. Others regard it with fearful dismay, worried that they will lose everything they hold dear — or at least everything familiar.
疾病与死亡也是她⼩说中经常出现的主题，读者经常会感受到⽣命的珍贵，以及运⽓、机遇和轻率莽撞的选择在⼈⽣中扮演的⾓⾊。门罗笔下的⼀些⼈物把改变视为解放⾃⾝的⼒量，可以让他们摆脱⼀成不变的⽣活，或者⾄少能满⾜他们对⼈⽣敏锐的好奇⼼。另⼀些⼈则将改变视为可怕的不幸，担⼼会失去⼿中珍贵的⼀切，⾄少那是他们所熟悉的⼀切。
汉译英
原⽂出处：
2014 年6 ⽉11 ⽇，中共中央政治局常委刘云⼭访问丹麦期间，参加了“ 欧洲学者眼中的中国共产党国际研讨会” 并发⾔，主办⽅是丹麦哥本哈根商学院和中国当代世界研究中⼼。李世默在研讨会上做了题为“ 从全球视⾓看中国研究的新动向和中共形象的新变化” 的发⾔。
译⽂出⾃：（以下版本稍有调整，仅供参考）
现代西⽅的中国学研究⼤致经历了两个代际的变化。第⼀代是历史主义流派，第⼆代是意识形态流派。当代西⽅对中国
现代西⽅的中国学研究⼤致经历了两个代际的变化。第⼀代是历史主义流派，第⼆代是意识形态流派。当代西⽅对中国的认知，不论是学术界或⼤众媒体，都深受这两⼤代际流派的影响。
In the modern era, Chinese studies in the West have gone through two main generations: the generation of the historic school and the generation of the ideological school. Contemporary Western perceptions and understanding of China, in both the academic world and popular press, have been informed by the methods and aims of these two schools.
现代中国学研究的第⼀代，可以追溯到20 世纪初。他们⽤历史主义的语境研究中国，研究⽅法深受传统⽂化影响，研究领域涵盖了中国的政治、历史、社会状况和中国历史上重要的领袖⼈物。
The first generation has guided the world’s understanding of China since the early 20th century. They seek to study China in a historical context. Their methods are deeply cultural. Their studies encompass China’s politics, historical and social conditions, and the personalities who drove China’s history.
中国学的第⼆代，始于1989 年，在后冷战时代的意识形态狂热中诞⽣。这⼀时期的研究，陷⼊⾃由民主或专制独裁的意识形态两元对⽴。在研究取向上，强调政治⽴场先⾏和意识形态挂帅，⽬的只有⼀个，即证明中国的政治制度必然崩溃。可惜，这⼀代流派的研究⼀再被中国成功发展的事实证伪，备受质疑。
The second generation materialized after 1989 in the context of the post Cold War ideological fervor. The entire school was defined by the ideological dichotomy between liberal democracy and authoritarianism. The aim of their studies carried an overtly political and ideological agenda - to prove the Chinese political system is on an inevitable course towards eventual collapse. This school has been largely discredited by facts on the ground and their impact on the future will be limited at best.
第三代中国学发端于新的形势背景下，研究⽅法和取向都不同以往。这⼀代流派的演进，将推动中国学从基础结构上发⽣转型，并使世界对中国的认知产⽣决定性影响。这对中国共产党来说意义深远，作为中国政治治理模式的核⼼。
A third generation is emerging. This new generation is approaching China with new methods and different aims within different contexts. This development has placed the fundamental frameworks of Chinese studies in transition. How this evolves will have decisive impacts on the world’s interpretations of China.
最近⼏⼗年来，中国全⽅位快速崛起，全球政治、历史、经济研究的顶尖⼈⼠，纷纷聚焦中国，希望探究这⼀历史重⼤事件的深远含义。这个体不再象前两代那样限于中国通，⽽是来⾃各个领域。
With the dramatic rise of China in all aspects of its national power in recent decades, some of the brightest minds in political science, history, and economics are beginning to examine closely what it all really means. Many of them are no longer China experts but generalists.
⼀个趋向可以称为实证派，即以收集客观数据为基本研究⽅法，从历史和现在的⾓度客观分析中国的治理模式。
A much more interesting emerging trend is the empirical school. In this approach, the methods center around empirical data and the aim is the objective understanding of Chinese governance in both historic and contemporary contexts.
英译汉审校
来源| NYT | An Accidental King Finds His Voice
By Sarah Lyall
On Sept. 3, 1939, after Britain declared war on Germany, George VI addressed millions of people around the world in a live radio broadcast. It was a somber, stirring call to patriotism and fortitude, to courage and resilience, and it was one of the best speeches he had ever made.
He had had to struggle so hard to get there. The terrifying march to war, along with the trauma of taking over the throne after the unprecedented abdication of his popular older brother, Edward VIII, had brought back the debilitating stutter that had plagued the king since childhood. The long silences on the radio were not a rhetorical device but a verbal crutch.
That he managed at all was a tribute to the man who stood beside him as he spoke, an uncredentialled, unorthodox speech therapist from Australia named Lionel Logue. “The King’s Speech,” which opens on Nov. 24, tells the story of the unlikely friendship between the two men and describes how Logue helped the king find his voice and his confidence.
“It was a perfect storm of catastrophe,” said Colin Firth, whose nuanced portrayal of George has gen
erated a huge pre-Oscar stir. “Having a stammer causes tremendous suffering, and just a few years earlier he would have been bailed out by having his remarks recorded and edited. But he was required to speak on this new device, live radio. And to compound all that you have a war looming, where his only function is his voice, to speak to the people, and he can’t speak.”
The movie opens before George (then called Prince Albert, or Bertie) becomes king, during a scene in which he is trying to address an expectant crowd at Wembley Stadium. Mr. Firth’s voice flails. He swallows his words, trips over them, and spits them partially out, lapsing into long, panicked silences. It is almost physically painful to watch.
George’s wife, played by Helena Bonham Carter, convinces him to seek help from Logue (Geoffrey Rush). Logue’s eccentric methods include insisting that he and Bertie address each other by their first names, making Bertie sing and impertinently asking him about his lonely childhood and his relationship with his chilly family. Gradually the future king opens up, his voice relaxing along with his clenched-up spirit.
“It’s Logue’s way of trying to help him at a time when convention does not allow psychoanalysis for a person like that,”Mr. Firth said. “Logue is one of the early generation who believed that getting to the heart of a problem psychologically could help with a cure.”
George VI remained a friend of Mr. Logue for the rest of their lives. (The king died in 1952; Logue died the following year.) The king sought his help before important speaking engagements and, in 1937 made him a member of the Royal Victorian Order, which recognizes personal service to the sovereign.
The king never fully got over his stutter, and Mr. Hooper said it would have been wrong to give the film a classic Hollywood ending, in which he is cured and lives happily ever after.
When he went back and listened to archival recordings, Mr. Hooper said, “it was clear that the king was still coping with his stammer, and that this was not about a man who was cured. It was about a man who had learned how to cope.”
（待审校译⽂略）
汉译英审校
中⽂为考试原⽂（有修改），英⽂为搜索译⽂，并⾮考试试题中需修改内容，仅供参考。
当前推进城镇化的主要任务是: 推进农民⼯等农业转移⼈⼝市民化; 提⾼城镇建设⽤地利⽤效率，防⽌城镇化⼤量圈占⼟地、低效利⽤; 建⽴多元可持续的城镇化资⾦保障机制，改变过度依赖⼟地财政的局
⾯; 优化城镇化布局和形态，改善⼈居环境; 提⾼城镇化⽔平，实事求是定位，科学务实规划; 加强对城镇化的管理。
城镇建设要体现尊重⾃然、顺应⾃然、天⼈合⼀的理念，依托现有⼭⽔脉络等独特风光，让城市融⼊⼤⾃然，让居民望得见⼭、看得见⽔、记得住乡愁。
At present, the main tasks for urbanization are to grant urban residency to more rural migrant workers and other rural people who have moved to cities; make more efficient use of urban land for construction purposes and prevent too much land from being expropriated for urbanization and used inefficiently; establish a diversified and sustainable mechanism for funding urbanization; put an end to China’s over reliance on land-based finance; improve the structure and form of urbanization and the living environment; raise the level of urbanization, realistically define what a city should be like and make proper plans for its development; and improve the management of urbanization.
In pursuing urbanization, China needs to respect and be in tune with nature and ensure unity between man and nature.
Making use of current mountains, waters and other unique landscapes, China needs to integrate cities into nature so urban dwellers can enjoy the view of mountains and waters and are reminded of
their hometowns.
2020年11⽉CATTI⼆级英语笔译原⽂
【英译汉】第⼀篇：
The world is at a social, environmental and economic tipping point. Subdued growth, rising inequalities and accelerating climate change provide the context for a backlash against capitalism, globalization, technology, and elites. There is gridlock in the international governance system and escalating trade and geopolitical tensions are fueling uncertainty. This holds back investment and increases the risk of supply shocks: disruptions to global supply chains, sudden price spikes or interruptions in the availability of key resources.
Persistent weaknesses in the drivers of productivity growth are among the principal culprits. In advanced, emerging and developing economies, productivity growth started slowing in 2000 and decelerated further after the crisis. Between 2011 and 2016, “total factor productivity growth” – or the combined growth of inputs, like resources and labour, and outputs – grew by 0.3 percent in advanced economies and 1.3 percent in emerging and developing economies.
The financial crisis added to this deceleration. Investments are undermined by uncertainty, low demand and tighter credit conditions. Many of the structural reforms designed to revive productivity that were promised by policy-makers did not materialize.
Governments must better anticipate the unintended consequences of technological integration and implement complementary social policies that support populations through the FourIndustrial Revolution. Economies with strong innovation capability must improve their talent base and the functioning of their labor markets.
Adaption is critical. We need an awell-functioning labour market that protects workers, not jobs. Advanced economies need to develop their skills base and tackle rigidities in their labour markets. As innovation capacity grows, emerging economies need to strengthen their skills and labour market to minimize the risks of negative social spillovers.
Sustainable economic growth remains the surest route out of poverty and a core driver of human development. For the past decade, growth has been weak and remains below potential in most developing countries, seriously hampering progress on several of the UN’s 2030 sustainable development Goals (SDGs).
The world is not on track to meet any of the SDGS. Least developed countries have missed the target of 7 percent growth every year since 2015. Extreme poverty reduction is decelerating. 3.4 billion people – or 46 percent of the world’s population – lived on less than US$5, 50a day and struggled to meet basic needs. After years of steady decline, hunger has increased and now affects 826 million up from 784 million in 2015. A total of 20 percent of Africans population is undernourished. The “zero hunger” target will almost certainly be missed.
第⼆篇：
In the mid-1800s a caterpillar, the size of a human finger, began spreading across the northeastern U.S. This appearance of the tomato hornworm was followed by terrifying reports of fatal poisonings and aggressive behavior towards people. In July 1869 newspapers across the region posted warnings about the insect, reporting that a girl had died after a run-in with the creature. That fall a local newspaper printed an account from a doctor. The physician warned that the caterpillar was “as poisonous as a rattlesnake” and said he knew of three deaths linked to its venom. Although the hornworm is a voracious eater that can strip a tomato plant in a matter of days, it is, in fact, harmless to humans. Entomologists had known the insect to be innocuous for decades, and his claims were widely mocked by experts. So why did the rumors persist even though the truth was readily available?
People are social learners. We develop most of our beliefs from the testimony of trusted others such as our teachers, parents and friends. This social transmission of knowledge is at the heart of culture and science. But as the tomato hornworm story shows us, our ability has a gaping vulnerability: sometimes the ideas we spread are wrong.
Over the past five years, the ways in which the social transmission of knowledge can fail us have come into sharp falls. Misinformation shared on social media has fueled an epidemic of false belief. The same basic mechanisms that