本单元我们来学习过去分词作状语的用法
一．过去分词在句中能作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
过去分词在句中作状语
2. 表示原因 Trapped in the heavy rain,many students were late for school.
3. 表示条件 Given more time, We will do it better.
4. 表示方式The old man went upstairs,supported by his son.
5. 表示伴随 Followed by his students,the teacher left the classroom.
6. 表示结果 The girl fell off her bike when crossing the road, wounded
in the head.
7. 表示让步 Though taught (=having been taught)many times by the
teacher, some students still don’t know how to do it.
二、过去分词作状语, 表示时间、原因、条件、让步时可转换为相应的状语从句（下列1-4）；表示方式、结果和伴随时可转化为并列分句（下列5-7）。如：
1.When taken away from the mother，the baby began to cry.
=When the baby was taken away from his mother,he/she began to cry.
2. Trapped in the heavy rain,many students were late for school.
=Because/As many students were trapped in the rain, they were late for school.
3. Given more time, We will do it better.
=If we are given more time,We will do it better.
4.Though taught several times by the teacher,some students still don’t know how to do it.
=Though some students have been taught many times,they still don’t know how to do it.
5.Supported by his son,the old man went upstairs..
=The old man was supported by his son and he went upstairs
6. The girl fell off her bike when crossing the road, wounded in the head.
=The girl fell off her bike when crossing the road and she was wounded in the head.
7.Followed by his students,the teacher left the classroom.
=The teacher left the classroom and he was followed by his students.
3．现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。
Hearing the good news,the woman was too excited to speak. (hear)
Seen from the back, the girl looks nice.(see)
特别提醒
一般来说，过去分词的逻辑主语与主句主语要一致，如句1中，主句主语是the baby,过去分词taken 的逻辑主语也是the baby.特别注意：当分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，分词要有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，常用来表示伴随情况。如：
（1）The boy rushed into the classroom ， his face covered with sweat .
（主句主语是the boy,过去分词的逻辑主语是 his face）
（2）All things considered ，your suggestion is better than his.
（主句主语是your suggestion,过去分词的逻辑主语是all things）
过去分词或现在分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致的常见固定结构有：
Generally speaking 一般说来
strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说
Judging from 从…判断
All things considered 从整体来看
Taken all things into consideration 全面看来study的过去分词
例如：Judging from his face， something bad must have happened to him.
从他的脸看，他一定有不好的事情发生了。
对应练习
一．填空
1. _________(worry) about the journey， I was unsettled for the first few days.
2. _________(confuse) by the new surroundings， I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
3. _________(exhaust)， I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.
4. _________(heat)， water changes into steam .
5. The boss came in， ________(follow)by a group of young people .
6. _______(see) from the top of the hill ，the city looks very beautiful .
7. Much _________(tire) ，all of them still kept on working .
8. __________(use)for a long time,the computer doesn’t works well.
9. When _________(ask) what had happened,he said he knew nothing.
10. ________(unite)we stand;divided,we fall.
2．单句改错
1. Writing in a hurry,this article was not so good!
2. Losing in deep thought,he didn’t hear what you said.
3.Bear in this beautiful town,she feels very proud.
4.Give me another hour,I will finish the task well.
5.As a well-knowing actor,he is welcome by many young people.
6.His head holds high,the man went by without greeting to me.
7.Grow in rich soil,the vegetables taste good.
8.When asking who you are,you must keep calm.
9. Attracting by the beauty of nature,they were unwilling to leave.
10.Facing with so much trouble,we can’t complete the task on time.
三.用过去分词（短语）作状语完成下列句子。
1._____________________(如果加热），ice turns into water.
2._____________________(你的作业完成后），you may go out to play.
3.______________________(一旦制定）， the plan can’t be changed.
4.___________________________(虽然被其他人嘲笑），but he got my sympathy.
5._________________________(坦白地说),I don’t agree to your plan.
过去分词综合练习（作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语）.
1. With the homework _____________(finish),they went out to play.
2. When I got home,I found all the windows________(break).
3. When I was walking along the river,I saw a horse ___________(tie)to a big tree.
4. He spoke loudly to have himself__________(hear).
5. Seeing all the guests __________(seat),the host started the party.
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