动词
一、五种根本形式：
英语中实义动词和系动词有五种根本形式，原形、现在式〔用于第三人称单数〕、过去式〔用于过去时态〕、过去分词〔用于各种完成时态〕和现在分词〔用于各种进展时态〕。study的过去分词
1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数
构成规那么
例词
一般情况下在动词后直接加-s构成
eat-eats, read-reads, play-plays等
以e结尾的直接加-s
write-writes, come-comes, close-closes等
以s,x,z,sh,ch以及字母o结尾的动词，后加-es
Watch-watches, go-es, finish-finishes等
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-es
study-studies, fly-flies等
    2、规那么动词过去式、过去分词和现在分词的构成方法
原形
过去式和过去分词
现在分词
构成规那么
例词
构成规那么
例词
构成规那么
例词
一般情况
turn
加-ed
turned
加-ing
turning
以-e结尾的
move,love
只加-d
moved,loved
去掉e再加-ing
moving,loving
以辅音字母加y结尾的
try,study
应将y改为i再加-ed
tried
studied
直接加-ing
trying,studying
以元音字母加y结尾的
stay,play
直接加-ed
stayed
played
直接加-ing
staying,playing
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母
stop,plan
双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed
stopped
planned
双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing
stopping,planning
以r音节结尾的
Prefer,refer
双写末尾的r再加-ed
preferred
referred
双写末尾的r再加-ing
preferring,referring
以ie结尾的
lie,die
加-d
lied,died
将ie变加-ing
lying,dying
3、常用不规那么动词过去式和过去分词一览表
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语翻译
am,is
was
been
是
are
were
been
是
bear
bore
born
忍受〔熊〕
become
became
become
成为，变成
begin
began
begun
开场
break
broke
broken
打坏，打破
bring
brought
brought
带来
build
built
built
建筑，建立
buy
bought
bought
买
catch
caught
caught
揪住，抓住
can情态动词
could
能，会
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语翻译
come
came
come
来
cost
cost
cost
花费
cut
cut
cut
砍，切
do助动词
did
done
做
does助动词
did
done
做
drink
drank
drunk
喝
drive
drove
driven
驾驶，开车
eat
ate
eaten
吃
feel
felt
felt
感觉
find
found
found
发现，到
fly
flew
flown
飞行，放飞
forget
forgot
forgot/forgotten
忘记
get
got
got/gotten
得到
give
gave
given
给予，给
go
went
gone
走，去
grow
grew
grown
成长，种植
have助动词
had
had
有
has助动词
had
had
有
hear
heard
heard
听见
know
knew
known
知道，了解
learn
learned/learnt
learned/learnt
学习
leave
left
left
离开，留下
lend
lent
lent
借给
let
let
let
让
lie
lay
lain
躺下
lose
lost
lost
丧失
make
made
made
制造，制作