一般过去式的用法：
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。
I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.
昨天我们去了天龙山。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
a.规则动词的过去式变化如下：
①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。如：wanted，played, worked played ,acted, looked called opened needed。
③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped planned fitted
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed。如：studied，worried, tried ,copied ,cried, carried。
以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed
规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[id]。
①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s]等后，ed要读[t]。如：worked，finished。
②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。如：lived，called。
③[t]或[d]后，ed读[id]。如：started，needed。
b.不规则动词变化
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。
1．动词原形和过去式完全同形。
stop的过去式是什么例： hurt（伤害） put（放） let（让）
2．动词原形、过去式形式完全不同。
例： give（给） gave fly（飞） flew drink（喝） drank see（看见） saw go（去） went make - made get - got buy - bought come came know（知道） knew wear（穿） wore speak（说） spoke
be动词过去式有两种形式，主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was，其他人称用were
6 现在分词的变化规则
一般在动词原形词尾加-ing，go push play carry going pushing playing carrying
以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking writing leaving
重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母，要将该辅音字母双写，再加-ing cut stop fit begin forget cutting stopping fitting beginning forgetting
以ie结尾的动词，要把ie改为y，再加-ing
牛津英语6A英语语法(二) 一般过去时
定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构：“主语+动词的过去式”
用法：
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He was here yesterday.
I got up at seven yesterday morning.
My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.
Did you have a good time last summer?
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
My mother often went to work by taxi last year.
When I was a student, I often listened to music.
3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：
at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)last night (week, month, year…),一 段时间+ago(several days ago), two days
ago, a week ago, three years ago…in 1990, (in 1997…) ,just now, long before, long, long ago
二. 动词过去式构成规则
（一）1、一般在动词原形末尾加– ed
help → helped, look → looked, play → played, work → worked, listen → listened, wash →washed, clean → cleaned,
2、结尾是 e 的动词加 -- d
live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked
3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed
stop---stopped plan---planned
4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed
study---studied carry ---carried cry --- cried worry → worried
(二) 动词过去式的读音规则
规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ 。
例： ask → asked /a:skt/, cook → cooked /kukt/, pass → passed /pa:st/,
例： move → moved /mu:vd/, live → lived / livd/, listen → listened /`lisnd/, stay → stayed /steid/
在/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/
例：shout → shouted // , start → started /sta:tid/,want → wanted /wantid/, need → needed /`ni:did/
(三)不规则动词的过去式：
a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let → let, put → put, read → read,(注意read的过去式读[red])
b. i → a: begin → began, drink → drank, give → gave, ring → rang, sing → sang, sit → sat, swim → swam
c. i → o: drive → drove, ride → rode, write → wrote
d. ow → ew: grow → grew, know → knew, throw → threw
e. 含ough或augh的：bring → brought, buy → bought, think → thought；catch → caught, teach → taught
f. am is ---was are ---were do---did can---could come---came
不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。
三. 句型转化：
1．be 动词的过去时的句型如下：
(1)否定句： 主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not…
(2)疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 …？
a.He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。
b.He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。
c.Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗？
d.There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。
e. Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？
2．行为动词的否定式和疑问式：
(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如：
a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. →I did not / didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.
b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. → I didn’t borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.
(2) 行为动词的一般疑问句
若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如：
a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. → Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t.
b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. → Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t
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